Hutag Ull Ord
Bayankhutag District, Khentii Province, Mongolia
Hutag Ull Ord
Key Information
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Hutag Ull Ord is in Bayankhutag District, Khentii Province, eastern Mongolia, near the Russian border, about 353 km from Ulaanbaatar.
It is known for Be-pegmatites, yielding minerals like aquamarine, fluorite, and cassiterite, with aquamarine being particularly notable.
The geological structure involves igneous rocks, specifically pegmatites, formed from late-stage magma crystallization.
Mining history is unclear, likely small-scale or artisanal, possibly by local collectors, with no large-scale operations documented.
The area is culturally significant, linked to Genghis Khan’s history, with local Khalkh and Buryat communities and traditional practices.
The climate is continental, with cold winters and mild summers, potentially influencing mineral formation through freeze-thaw cycles.
Geographic Location
Hutag Ull Ord lies in the Bayankhutag District of Khentii Province, in eastern Mongolia, close to the Russian border. This region is part of the Khentii Mountains, about 353 km from Ulaanbaatar and 22 km north of Chinggis city, the provincial capital named after Genghis Khan. The area is nestled in a landscape of rugged mountains and forests, forming part of the watershed between the Arctic and Pacific Oceans. Nearby, historical sites related to Genghis Khan, such as his birthplace and coronation lake, add to the region’s allure for visitors.
Minerals Produced
This locality is renowned among mineral enthusiasts for its Be-pegmatites, which host a variety of minerals. Notable finds include aquamarine (a gem-quality variety of beryl), fluorite, cassiterite, and others like pyrite and tourmaline. Aquamarine from here is especially prized for its clarity and color, making it a highlight for collectors seeking uncommon specimens.
Geological Structure
Hutag Ull Ord is part of the Khentii Mountains, characterized by ancient, eroded igneous rocks. The minerals are found in pegmatites, coarse-grained formations from the late stages of magma cooling, rich in rare elements like beryllium. This geological setting suggests a history of significant volcanic and tectonic activity, shaping the region’s mineral wealth.
Mining History
Details on mining history are sparse, but it seems likely that extraction is small-scale, possibly by local collectors or artisanal miners. There’s no evidence of large industrial operations, suggesting the area is more a site for mineral collecting rather than commercial mining, preserving its natural state for enthusiasts.
Local Culture and Characteristics
Khentii Province, including Bayankhutag District, is steeped in history as the birthplace of Genghis Khan, with sacred sites like Burkhan Khaldun Mountain. The local communities, primarily Khalkh and Buryat, maintain traditional nomadic practices, with a rich heritage of horsemanship and storytelling. The area is also known for its wild berries and medicinal herbs, reflecting a deep connection to the land.
Climate and Ecology
The region experiences a continental climate, with harsh winters dropping below -20°C and mild summers reaching 15–25°C. Annual precipitation is around 200–320 mm, varying by area. This climate, with its freeze-thaw cycles, may influence mineral formation, while the ecology supports diverse wildlife, including bears and deer, within the Khan Khentii Protected Area.