Rampgill Mine
Nenthead, Alston Moor, Eden, Cumbria, England, UK
Key Information
Do not enter mining areas without proper authorization.
Rampgill Mine is located in Nenthead, Alston Moor, Cumbria, England, one of England's highest villages at about 1,437 feet.
It produced lead and zinc, with notable minerals like fluorite and witherite.
The mine is in Great Limestone, a sedimentary rock from the Carboniferous period, with minerals in hydrothermal veins.
Mining started in the 17th century, peaking in the 19th century, and closed by mid-20th century, with recent stabilization efforts.
Nenthead has a rich mining heritage, influenced by Quakers, with a strong community and conservation focus.
The area has a cool, wet climate, with unique ecology including rare lichens on metal-rich mine dumps.
Location and Geography
Rampgill Mine is in Nenthead, Alston Moor, Cumbria, England, about 4.4 miles east of Alston and part of the North Pennines Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. At 1,437 feet, it's one of England's highest villages, offering stunning moorland views. Nearby, Alston and other mines like Smallcleugh and Coalcleugh Mine add to the region's mineral exploration appeal.
Minerals and Geology
The mine is famous for lead (Galena) and zinc (Sphalerite, Smithsonite), with fluorite and the rare witherite also found, attracting collectors. It's situated in the Great Limestone, a Carboniferous sedimentary rock, where minerals form in hydrothermal veins, a fascinating process for enthusiasts.
Mining History
Mining began in 1690 with the Rampgill Vein discovery, managed by entities like the London Lead Company from 1756 and later the Vieille Montagne Zinc Company until 1949. It featured extensive underground tunnels, peaking in the 19th century, and was closed due to collapses, with recent efforts to reopen parts for exploration.
Culture and Community
Nenthead, a planned industrial village from the 18th century, reflects Quaker influence with community facilities like schools and baths. The Nenthead Mines Conservation Society preserves this heritage, offering guided tours and education, enhancing the cultural experience for visitors.
Climate and Ecology
The high elevation brings a cool, wet climate, typical of the North Pennines. The ecology is unique, with rare lichens and plants on metal-rich mine dumps, a direct result of the area's geology and mining history, making it a hotspot for ecological study.